Physical crippled manuals are hard to travel by these days, particularly arsenic the manufacture begins to heavy thin into unreality streaming and digital-first infrastructures. But if you retrieve those bully ole times erstwhile crippled boxes came with chunky pamphlets for you to peruse earlier jumping into your caller purchase, a games preservationist called Kirkland seeks to sphere that nostalgia for posterity by creating high-quality scans of the manuals of yore. In fact, he’s conscionable finished uploading his implicit acceptable of U.S. PlayStation 2 manual scans.

Launched successful the U.S. successful October 2000—22 years agone this Wednesday—Sony’s PlayStation 2 was 1 of the astir fashionable consoles ever. With much than 4,000 games released worldwide and selling astir 158 cardinal units globally, conscionable astir everyone had a PS2. Games similar Jak & Daxter and Sly Cooper helped popularize the console among kids and tweens, portion titles specified arsenic Metal Gear Solid 2 and Onimusha continued increasing a much “mature” market. Devil May Cry 3, Final Fantasy X, Kingdom Hearts, Ratchet & Clank, Silent Hill 2 (which is getting remade now), Okami, Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater 3—the database of PS2 hits goes connected forever, each bangers.

My fave facet of buying a caller PS2 crippled was ever speechmaking the manual to spot what tips, tricks, and occasionally cheats I could use. While that clip is agelong gone, Kirkland has present preserved conscionable implicit 1,900 of them, uploading every azygous U.S. PS2 manual to Archive.org successful afloat 4K resolution for your downloading and scrolling pleasure. The acceptable comes successful it astatine astir 17GB—it was 230GB earlier compression. That’s chonky.

Read More: Every Single English-Language SNES Manual Is Now Available Online

Each manual is conscionable arsenic chill arsenic you mightiness retrieve backmost successful the ‘00s, with the high-quality scans highlighting the often-striking art. It truly is simply a portal done time! I mean, browsing the manual for Square Enix’s Musashi: Samurai Legends (one of my fave PS2 games, ever) fills maine with nostalgia, transporting maine backmost to my grandma’s location erstwhile I’d enactment up ‘til 3 a.m. slashing goons arsenic the cropped-top wearing protagonist Miyamoto Musashi. Clearly, things haven’t changed overmuch for me.

“The extremity is to rise immoderate consciousness for crippled preservation efforts,” Kirkland told Kotaku. “So galore games increasing up shaped however we looked astatine and experienced the world. Of people arsenic we ‘grow up,’ we determination to different things but determination are a batch of america who person nostalgia for these things and privation our kids to beryllium capable to bask what we did. The full ‘read the books your begetter read’ deal. And determination person been large efforts to sphere games: VGHF, the Strong Museum, and grassroots efforts similar MAME, redump.org, No-Intro, and Cowering’s Good Tools earlier that. Which I ever thought, ‘This is great! We’re going to person everything preserved. But without the manuals, we’re not going to cognize however to play them.’”

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Unfortunately for the manuals, scanning tin beryllium a beauteous unsmooth process. “My process is horrible. I propulsion the staples and tally astir everything done my Epson DS-870 sheetfed scanner. As a dice hard perfectionist, utilizing a papers scanner is disappointing for quality, but a necessity owed to volume,” helium said. I spent 7 months scanning SNES manuals and lone made it to the missive ‘E’ utilizing 3 flatbed scanners. With this setup I’ve been capable to scan astir 75,000 pages successful the past twelvemonth alone.”

After the tedious enactment of scanning each page, Kirkland utilized a bevy of apps—like Adobe Acrobat Pro, Photoshop, Textpad, and PDF Combiner Pro—to get them arsenic cleanable and pristine arsenic imaginable earlier uploading them each to Archive.org successful some 2K and 4K resolution. “I’ve spent full summertime vacations scanning manuals, lone to discard them arsenic I’ve gotten amended equipment, oregon amended processed,” helium said. “Lots of precocious nights.”

Kirkland said helium dropped astir $40,000 connected his U.S. PS2 postulation arsenic helium methodically bought each U.S. merchandise implicit the people of 22 years. “I grabbed caller releases erstwhile they got down to $20 for astir the archetypal 800 releases, past I started picking up utilized sports games successful bully condition, past it was hunting down the unusual variants (which is never-ending).”

Kirkland’s 4K U.S. PlayStation 2 scan set is apt the largest, highest-quality postulation of video crippled manual scans publically available, but to him, it doesn’t rather represent “archival” quality.

Read More: Video Game History Foundation Goes Off On Nintendo’s ‘Destructive’ Retro Policies

“I see this ‘functional preservation’ for now,” helium said. “Since I’ve popped the staples, I tin ever chuck them connected a flatbed to decently sphere them. But past it goes backmost to my perfectionist nature. What is ‘good enough’? 2400 dpi astatine 48-bit colour (over 1 gigabyte per page). At what constituent are we archiving ink alternatively of images? There is nary casual answer.”

Maybe further advances successful exertion volition yet marque the task easier.

“In the future, I’d emotion to person an AI that tin genuinely reconstruct the substance and images arsenic they were intended, correcting skew and decently descreening without blurring enactment art,” helium said. “As it is, nary 1 truly wants a 600 dpi scan with staple holes and achromatic edges, they conscionable privation the polished, finished project.“

Of course, getting determination requires an unthinkable magnitude of labour connected the portion of the archivist.

While finishing implicit 1,900 PS2 manual scans mightiness onslaught you arsenic a bully life’s work, it’s really conscionable different milestone for Kirkland. He’s antecedently completed the afloat acceptable of U.S. SNES manuals successful 2K (collecting those to scan outgo him $8,000), and is successful the process of chipping distant at, SNES 4K, Atari 2600, and Game Boy. “I’ve scanned astir 300 of the archetypal PlayStation manuals the past fewer weeks,” helium casually drops, arsenic if it’s nothing.

Kirkland says helium has astir 7,500 manuals connected hand, of which astir 3,000 person already been preserved. He conscionable wishes that this enactment didn’t each person to autumn onto the backs of unusually motivated individuals similar himself. “In a cleanable world, companies would measurement up and merchandise their archetypal artwork sent to the presses for preservation,” helium said. “But truthful galore of those person been mislaid to past and hard drives implicit time.”

Yet collaboration brings its ain challenges.

“At this clip it’s mostly a solo effort—which I’m hoping to alteration arsenic I determination connected to systems I cannot 100%,” helium said. “I’ve been burned successful the past by collaborations, truthful I’ve been a small leery of attaching to different projects, successful the hopes of having a small much power implicit prime and direction.”

The enactment is painstaking, and galore of the manuals astir successful request of preservation are stuck successful backstage collections oregon being jacked up successful terms by “investors.” But Kirkland plans to proceed his scanning projects because, successful his view, this enactment simply indispensable beryllium done earlier it becomes impossible.

“The net has had 25 years to marque it happen, and each we person are the aforesaid scanned manuals from 2004 that look similar they came disconnected a fax machine, oregon gimped NES manuals due to the fact that NintendoAge old-timers were truthful paranoid radical were going to counterfeit their costly beatified grails that they themselves scored for $5 astatine a store merchantability successful the ‘90s. It conscionable doesn’t beryllium close with maine that you person to wage $200 for the privilege of speechmaking a Chrono Trigger manual that is really legible.”